What are the basic classifications of pigments?
A pigment is a substance that causes an object to take on color. Pigments are soluble and insoluble, and there are differences between inorganic and organic. Inorganic pigments are generally mineral substances, and humans have long known the use of inorganic pigments, using colored earth and minerals, to paint and paint the body on the rock walls. Organic pigments are usually taken from plants and Marine animals, such as anise, gamboge and purple, which was extracted from shellfish in ancient Rome.
Pigments can be divided into inorganic pigments and organic pigments, and natural pigments and synthetic pigments. Natural pigments are derived from minerals such as cinnabar, laterite, realgar, malachite green and heavy calcium carbonate, wollastic, barite powder, talcum powder, mica powder, kaolin and so on. Biological sources, such as from animals: cochineal red, natural fish scale powder, etc. From plants are: gamboge, alizarin red, indigo, and so on. Synthetic pigments are synthesized artificially, such as inorganic pigments such as titanium white, zinc barium white, lead chromium yellow and iron blue, and organic pigments such as red powder, light yellow, phthalocyanine blue and quinacridone. Pigments are classified by their functions as antirust pigments, magnetic pigments, luminous pigments, pearlescent pigments, conductive pigments, etc. Color classification is a convenient and useful method. Such pigments can be classified as white, yellow, red, blue, green, brown, purple and black regardless of their source or chemical composition. The famous ColorIndex USES the method of color classification: Such as yellow pigment into pigments (PY), paint (PO), orange pigment red (PR), and the purple pigment (PV), pigment blue (PB), paint green (PG) (PBr), paint, paint palm black white (PBk), paint (PW), metallic pigment (PM), such as the 10 categories of the same color paint in accordance with the order number, such as titanium white PW - 6, lithopone PW - 5, lead chromium yellow PY PR - 207-34, quetiapine acridone, iron oxide red PR - 101, phthalocyanine blue PB - 15, etc. In order to find the chemical composition, there is another structure number, such as titanium white PW-6C.I.77891 and phthalocyanine blue PB-15C.I.74160, which enables the producer and user of pigments to identify the composition and chemical structure of the listed pigments.
Therefore, it has been widely used in international pigment import and export trade, and some domestic pigment manufacturers have also used the international classification standard of this kind of pigment. China's national standard of pigments GB/T3182-1995 also adopts color classification. The color of each pigment has a symbol, such as white for BA, red for HO, yellow for HU... Combined with the code and serial number of chemical structure to form the types of pigments, such as rutile type titanium dioxide BA-01-03, medium chromium yellow HU-02-02, iron oxide red HO-01-01, zinc barium white BA-11-01, toluidine red HO-02-01, BGS phthalocyanine blue LA-61-02, etc.
Pigments can be classified according to the types of compounds they contain: inorganic pigments can be subdivided into oxides, chromate, sulfate, silicate, borate, molybdate, phosphate, vanadate, ferrate, hydroxide, sulfide, metal, etc. Organic pigments can be divided into azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, indigo pigments, quinacridone pigments, dioxazine pigments and aromatic methane pigments according to their chemical structure.
From the perspective of production and manufacturing, the classification can be divided into titanium pigments, iron pigments, chromium pigments, lead pigments, zinc pigments, metal pigments and organic synthetic pigments. This classification method is of practical significance, and usually one system can represent a professional pigment production industry.
From the point of application, it can be classified into paint, ink, plastic, rubber, ceramic and enamel, medical and cosmetic, art and so on. All kinds of special pigments have some unique properties to meet the application requirements. Pigment factory can also recommend a series of pigment products to professional users.